Valuing distributions and balance-sheet assets directly.
| Concept | Explanation | |---|---| | Dividend discount model | Values expected future dividends. | | Dividend yield | Annual dividend divided by share price. | | Payout ratio | Dividends relative to earnings or cash flow. | | Net asset value | Assets minus liabilities, often relevant for funds or asset-heavy businesses. | | Liquidation value | Estimated proceeds if assets were sold and liabilities paid. | | Replacement value | Estimated cost to recreate the operating assets. |